Herniated Disc

A herniated disc is one of the most common conditions we see. The fibrous outer layer of a spinal disc that herniates has often been deteriorating for some time — spinal discs naturally break down with age — but trauma and repetitive strain accelerate the process.

What Is a Spinal Disc?

The human spine is a stack of vertebrae cushioned by discs that act as shock absorbers. The center of each disc is a gelatinous nucleus surrounded by a tougher annulus.

Why Discs Herniate

When the annulus tears, some of the nucleus pushes out into the spinal canal. Since there isn't space for both the nerve and the displaced disc fragment, the disc crowds the nerve — and pain follows.

Common Symptoms

Arm or leg pain depending on the disc's location: a herniation in the lower vertebrae can produce sharp or burning pain in the buttocks, thigh, calf, or foot. A neck-area herniation produces pain in the arm and shoulder.